第十天.Android网络与通信
10.1 Android网络通讯介绍
10.1.1 网络通讯技术
- Java.net
- Apache HttpClient
- Socket技术
- 装载网页
- WiFi技术
- Bluetooth蓝牙
10.2 Java.net
10.2.2主Activity
public class Activity01 extendsActivity{
publicvoid onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main)
Buttonbutton_http = (Button) findViewById(R.id.Button_HTTP);
/*监听button的事件信息 */
button_http.setOnClickListener(newButton.OnClickListener() {
publicvoid onClick(View v){
/*新建一个Intent对象 */
Intentintent = new Intent();
/*指定intent要启动的类 */
intent.setClass(Activity01.this,Activity02.class);
/*启动一个新的Activity*/
startActivity(intent);
/*关闭当前的Activity*/
Activity01.this.finish();
}
});
Activity02是直接获取数据的demo!
Button button_Get = (Button)findViewById(R.id.Button_Get);
/*监听button的事件信息 */
button_Get.setOnClickListener(newButton.OnClickListener() {
publicvoid onClick(View v)
{
/*新建一个Intent对象 */
Intentintent = new Intent();
/*指定intent要启动的类 */
intent.setClass(Activity01.this,Activity03.class);
/*启动一个新的Activity*/
startActivity(intent);
/*关闭当前的Activity*/
Activity01.this.finish();
}
});
Activity03是以Get方式上传参数的demo!
Button button_Post = (Button)findViewById(R.id.Button_Post);
/*监听button的事件信息 */
button_Post.setOnClickListener(newButton.OnClickListener() {
publicvoid onClick(View v)
{
/*新建一个Intent对象 */
Intentintent = new Intent();
/*指定intent要启动的类 */
intent.setClass(Activity01.this,Activity04.class);
/*启动一个新的Activity*/
startActivity(intent);
/*关闭当前的Activity*/
Activity01.this.finish();
}
});
}
} //结束Activity1类
Activity04是以Post方式上传参数的demo!
10.2.3 直接获取数据
//http地址
String httpUrl ="http://serverip:8080/AndroidAppServer/index.jsp";
//获得的数据
String resultData = ""; URLurl = null;
//构造一个URL对象
url = new URL(httpUrl);
//使用HttpURLConnection打开连接
HttpURLConnection urlConn =(HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
//得到读取的内容(流)
InputStreamReader in = newInputStreamReader(urlConn.getInputStream());
// 为输出创建BufferedReader
BufferedReader buffer = newBufferedReader(in);
String inputLine = null;
//使用循环来读取获得的数据
while (((inputLine = buffer.readLine())!= null)){
resultData+= inputLine + "";
}
研究HttpURLConnectionDemo工程(Activity02.java) serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1
10.2.4 以Get方式上传参数
String httpUrl = "http://192.168.1.110:8080/httpget.jsp?par=abcdefg";
URLurl = new URL(httpUrl);
//使用HttpURLConnection打开连接
HttpURLConnectionurlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
//得到读取的内容(流)
InputStreamReaderin = new InputStreamReader(urlConn.getInputStream());
//为输出创建BufferedReader
BufferedReaderbuffer = new BufferedReader(in);
StringinputLine = null;
//使用循环来读取获得的数据
while(((inputLine = buffer.readLine()) != null)){ resultData += inputLine +""; }
//关闭InputStreamReader
in.close();
//关闭http连接
urlConn.disconnect();
研究HttpURLConnectionDemo工程(Activity03.java) serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1
10.2.5 以Post方式上传参数
String httpUrl ="http://192.168.1.110:8080/httpget.jsp";
URL url = new URL(httpUrl);
HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
//因为这个是post请求,设立需要设置为true
urlConn.setDoOutput(true);urlConn.setDoInput(true);
urlConn.setRequestMethod("POST"); // 设置以POST方式
urlConn.setUseCaches(false); // Post 请求不能使用缓存
urlConn.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);
urlConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
urlConn.connect();
DataOutputStream out = newDataOutputStream(urlConn.getOutputStream());
String content = "par=" +URLEncoder.encode("ABCDEFG", "gb2312"); //要上传的参数
out.writeBytes(content); //将要上传的内容写入流中
out.flush(); out.close();
//获取数据
BufferedReader reader = newBufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(urlConn.getInputStream()));
String inputLine = null;
while (((inputLine = reader.readLine())!= null)){resultData += inputLine + "";}
reader.close();urlConn.disconnect();
研究HttpURLConnectionDemo工程(Activity03.java) Serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1
main.xml
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
<TextView
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="通过下面的按钮进行不同方式的连接"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/Button_HTTP"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="直接获取数据"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/Button_Get"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="以GET方式传递数据"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/Button_Post"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="以POST方式传递数据"/>
</LinearLayout>
AndroidManifest.xml
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.lxt008"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0">
<application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
<activity android:name=".Activity01"
android:label="@string/app_name">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity android:name="Activity02"></activity>
<activity android:name="Activity03"></activity>
<activity android:name="Activity04"></activity>
</application>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion=“7" />
</manifest>
10.3 ApacheHttpClient
c10.3.1 使用HttpClient:主Activity
Button button_Get = (Button)findViewById(R.id.Button_Get);
button_Get.setOnClickListener(newButton.OnClickListener() {
publicvoid onClick(View v){
Intentintent = new Intent(); /* 新建一个Intent对象 */
/*指定intent要启动的类 */
intent.setClass(Activity01.this,Activity02.class);
startActivity(intent);/* 启动一个新的Activity*/ Activity01.this.finish();/* 关闭当前的Activity*/ }
});
Button button_Post = (Button)findViewById(R.id.Button_Post);
button_Post.setOnClickListener(newButton.OnClickListener() {
publicvoid onClick(View v){
Intentintent = new Intent();
/*指定intent要启动的类 */
intent.setClass(Activity01.this,Activity03.class);
startActivity(intent); Activity01.this.finish();}
});
}
研究ApacheHttpClientDemo工程(Activity01.java) serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1
10.3.2 HttpClient:HttpGet
String httpUrl ="http://192.168.1.110:8080/httpget.jsp?par=HttpClient_android_Get";
//HttpGet连接对象
HttpGet httpRequest = newHttpGet(httpUrl);
//取得HttpClient对象
HttpClient httpclient = newDefaultHttpClient();
//请求HttpClient，取得HttpResponse
HttpResponse httpResponse = httpclient.execute(httpRequest);
//请求成功
if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()== HttpStatus.SC_OK){
//取得返回的字符串
StringstrResult = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());
mTextView.setText(strResult);
}
else{
mTextView.setText("请求错误!");
}
研究ApacheHttpClientDemo工程(Activity02.java) serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1
10.3.3 HttpClient:HttpPost
String httpUrl = "http://192.168.1.110:8080/httpget.jsp";
//HttpPost连接对象
HttpPost httpRequest = newHttpPost(httpUrl);
//使用NameValuePair来保存要传递的Post参数
List params = newArrayList();
//添加要传递的参数
params.add(newBasicNameValuePair("par", "HttpClient_android_Post"));
//设置字符集
HttpEntity httpentity = newUrlEncodedFormEntity(params, "gb2312");
//请求httpRequest
httpRequest.setEntity(httpentity);
//取得默认的HttpClient
HttpClient httpclient = newDefaultHttpClient();
//取得HttpResponse
HttpResponse httpResponse =httpclient.execute(httpRequest);
if(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK){
StringstrResult = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());}
研究ApacheHttpClientDemo工程(Activity03.java) serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1
10.4 装载并显示Web网页
10.4.1 用线程刷新网页显示
public void onCreate(BundlesavedInstanceState){ new Thread(mRunnable).start(); //开启线程 }
//刷新网页显示
privatevoid refresh(){
URLurl = new URL("http://192.168.1.110:8080/date.jsp");
HttpURLConnectionurlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
InputStreamReaderin = new InputStreamReader(urlConn.getInputStream());
BufferedReaderbuffer = new BufferedReader(in);
StringinputLine = null;
//使用循环来读取获得的数据 //关闭InputStreamReader// 设置显示取得的内容 }
}
private Runnable mRunnable = newRunnable() {
publicvoid run() {
while (true) { Thread.sleep(5 * 1000);
//发送消息
mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage()); };
Handler mHandler = new Handler() {
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
super.handleMessage(msg);
refresh();
} };
研究HttpURLConnectionRefresh工程
10.4.2 装载网页并显示
WebView webView = (WebView)findViewById(R.id.webview);
String html ="Hello lxt008!!!";
//装载页面,你可以换成URL地址。
webView.loadDataWithBaseURL("Demo",html, "text/html", "utf-8", null);
//设置支持JS
webView.getSettings().setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
//设置浏览器客户端
webView.setWebChromeClient(newWebChromeClient());
10.5 Socket编程复习
- 以前课程中学过Socket编程。
- 研究SocketDemo以复习巩固Socket在Android中的使用。